---
title: JavaScript Operators
description: "### Example Assign values to variables and add them together: `var x = 5; // assign the value 5 to x var y = 2; // assign the value 2 to y var z = x + y; // assign…"
url: "https://apprentice.mn/docs/javascript-operators/"
updated: "2021-05-12"
category: Javascript
---

# JavaScript Operators

### Example

Assign values to variables and add them together:

     `var x = 5;         // assign the value 5 to x
var y = 2;         // assign the value 2 to y
var z = x + y;     // assign the value 7 to z (5 + 2)`

The **assignment** operator (`=`) assigns a value to a variable.

### Assignment

      `var x = 10;`

The **addition** operator (`+`) adds numbers:

### Adding

      `var x = 5;
var y = 2;
var z = x + y;`

The **multiplication** operator (`*`) multiplies numbers.

### Multiplying

      `var x = 5;
var y = 2;
var z = x * y;`

## JavaScript Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic on numbers:

| Operator | Description |
| --- | --- |
| + | Addition |
| – | Subtraction |
| * | Multiplication |
| ** | Exponentiation ([ES2016](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_es6.asp)) |
| / | Division |
| % | Modulus (Division Remainder) |
| ++ | Increment |
| — | Decrement |

Arithmetic operators are fully described in the **[JS Arithmetic](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_arithmetic.asp)** chapter.

---

## JavaScript Assignment Operators

Assignment operators assign values to JavaScript variables.

| Operator | Example | Same As |
| --- | --- | --- |
| = | x = y | x = y |
| += | x += y | x = x + y |
| -= | x -= y | x = x – y |
| *= | x *= y | x = x * y |
| /= | x /= y | x = x / y |
| %= | x %= y | x = x % y |
| **= | x **= y | x = x ** y |

The **addition assignment** operator (`+=`) adds a value to a variable.

### Assignment

      `var x = 10;
x += 5;`

Assignment operators are fully described in the **[JS Assignment](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_assignment.asp)** chapter.

---

## JavaScript String Operators

The `+` operator can also be used to add (concatenate) strings.

### Example

      `var txt1 = "John";
var txt2 = "Doe";
var txt3 = txt1 + " " + txt2;`

The result of txt3 will be:

     `John Doe`

The `+=` assignment operator can also be used to add (concatenate) strings:

### Example

      `var txt1 = "What a very ";
txt1 += "nice day";`

The result of txt1 will be:

     `What a very nice day`

When used on strings, the + operator is called the concatenation operator.

---

## Adding Strings and Numbers

Adding two numbers, will return the sum, but adding a number and a string will return a string:

### Example

      `var x = 5 + 5;
var y = "5" + 5;
var z = "Hello" + 5;`

The result of *x*,* y*, and *z* will be:

     `10
55
Hello5`

If you add a number and a string, the result will be a string!

---

## JavaScript Comparison Operators

| Operator | Description |
| --- | --- |
| == | equal to |
| === | equal value and equal type |
| != | not equal |
| !== | not equal value or not equal type |
| > | greater than |
| < | less than |
| >= | greater than or equal to |
| <= | less than or equal to |
| ? | ternary operator |

Comparison operators are fully described in the **[JS Comparisons](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_comparisons.asp)** chapter.

---

## JavaScript Logical Operators

| Operator | Description |
| --- | --- |
| && | logical and |
| || | logical or |
| ! | logical not |

Logical operators are fully described in the **[JS Comparisons](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_comparisons.asp)** chapter.

---

## JavaScript Type Operators

| Operator | Description |
| --- | --- |
| typeof | Returns the type of a variable |
| instanceof | Returns true if an object is an instance of an object type |

Type operators are fully described in the **[JS Type Conversion](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_type_conversion.asp)** chapter.

---

## JavaScript Bitwise Operators

Bit operators work on 32 bits numbers.

Any numeric operand in the operation is converted into a 32 bit number. The result is converted back to a JavaScript number.

| Operator | Description | Example | Same as | Result | Decimal |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| & | AND | 5 & 1 | 0101 & 0001 | 0001 |  1 |
| | | OR | 5 | 1 | 0101 | 0001 | 0101 |  5 |
| ~ | NOT | ~ 5 |  ~0101 | 1010 |  10 |
| ^ | XOR | 5 ^ 1 | 0101 ^ 0001 | 0100 |  4 |
| << | Zero fill left shift | 5 << 1 | 0101 << 1 | 1010 |  10 |
| >> | Signed right shift | 5 >> 1 | 0101 >> 1 | 0010 |   2 |
| >>> | Zero fill right shift | 5 >>> 1 | 0101 >>> 1 | 0010 |   2 |

The examples above uses 4 bits unsigned examples. But JavaScript uses 32-bit signed numbers.
Because of this, in JavaScript, ~ 5 will not return 10. It will return -6.
~00000000000000000000000000000101 will return 11111111111111111111111111111010

Bitwise operators are fully described in the [**JS Bitwise**](https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_bitwise.asp) chapter.

         [https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fapprentice.mn%2Fdocs%2Fjavascript-operators%2F&linkname=JavaScript%20Operators](https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fapprentice.mn%2Fdocs%2Fjavascript-operators%2F&linkname=JavaScript%20Operators)[https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/mastodon?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fapprentice.mn%2Fdocs%2Fjavascript-operators%2F&linkname=JavaScript%20Operators](https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/mastodon?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fapprentice.mn%2Fdocs%2Fjavascript-operators%2F&linkname=JavaScript%20Operators)[https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/email?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fapprentice.mn%2Fdocs%2Fjavascript-operators%2F&linkname=JavaScript%20Operators](https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/email?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fapprentice.mn%2Fdocs%2Fjavascript-operators%2F&linkname=JavaScript%20Operators)[https://www.addtoany.com/share](https://www.addtoany.com/share)